7zip中文网

p7zip

7zip - Linux/Posix 平台的命令行移植版本。

p7zip是移植到POSIX/Unix-like系统的7-Zip软件，可以压缩解压7z格式的文件。常用命令包括7z和7za，通过参数调整压缩解压设置。其支持的系统包括但不限于Linux内核的Debian、Fedora、Gentoo Linux、AltLinux.org，非Linux内核的FreeBSD、Mac OS X、iOS（越狱后可安装）、BeOS、FreeDOS、AmigaOS等。

从4.10开始，p7zip (7-zip)支持little-endian和big-endian。

安装p7zip

通过源码安装

Linux下最好使用源码进行安装，各发行版通用，安装过程如下：

1wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/p7zip/files/p7zip/16.02/p7zip_16.02_src_all.tar.bz2
2tar jxf p7zip_16.02_src_all.tar.bz2
3cd p7zip_16.02
4make
5make install

Debian/Ubuntu(apt系)

使用apt-get install p7zip-full进行安装即可。

CentOS/Fedora/RHEL(rpm系)

rpm包下载地址http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php?query=p7zip(x86-64), 下载后使用rpm -ivh p7zip-17.04-3.mga9.x86_64.rpm来安装。

p7zip使用实例

 1[root@localhost oneinstack]# du -sh     ##当前目录大小
 21.8M    .
 3[root@localhost oneinstack]# 7za a oi.7z *   ##将当前目录所有文件压缩保存为oi.7z
 47-Zip (a) [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
 5p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU x64)
 6Scanning the drive:
 77 folders, 128 files, 1541017 bytes (1505 KiB)
 8Creating archive: oi.7z
 9Items to compress: 135
10Files read from disk: 128
11Archive size: 131726 bytes (129 KiB)
12Everything is Ok
13[root@localhost oneinstack]# ls -lh oi.7z  ###压缩后大小
14-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 129K Jun 16 15:59 oi.7z

p7zip默认使用7z格式，当然它还支持一些通用的压缩格式，如7z, lzma, cab, zip, gzip, bzip2, Z 和tar等等……

e解压到当前目录，不使用压缩包的目录名

 1[root@localhost test]# 7za -e mx9.7z
 2[root@localhost test]# tree
 3.
 4├── gor
 5├── gor.exe
 6├── linux32
 7├── linux64
 8├── linuxarm
 9├── mx9.7z
10├── win32
11└── win64

x按照压缩包内文档结构进行解压，一般这个使用这个参数较多

 1[root@localhost test]# 7za x mx9.7z
 2[root@localhost test]# tree .
 3.
 4├── gor370
 5│   ├── linux32
 6│   │   └── gor
 7│   ├── linux64
 8│   ├── linuxarm
 9│   │   └── gor
10│   ├── win32
11│   │   └── gor.exe
12│   └── win64
13│       └── gor.exe
14└── mx9.7z

使用-t参数来指定压缩格式，使用如下：

17z a -tzip archive.zip *.txt

将当前目录下所有txt文件打包压缩为archive.zip

17z t -t7z.split archive.7z.001

测试archive.7z.001中的所有文件，同时还支持多7z存档。

17z x -t# sfxarchive.exe

使用解析模式提取sfxarchive.exe文件

17z x -tiso archive.iso

以ISO存档模式解压archive.iso文件

17z x -tudf archive.iso

以UDF存档模式解压archive.iso文件，UDF说明在此https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Disk_Format

7z类型的压缩模式参数：

-mx 设置压缩级别，x=[0 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 ] 等级 模式 字典 FastBytes MatchFinder Filter 说明 0 Copy 无压缩 1 LZMA2 64 KB 32 HC4 BCJ 最快压缩 3 LZMA2 1 MB 32 HC4 BCJk 快速压缩 5 LZMA2 16 MB 32 BT4 BCJ 一般压缩 7 LZMA2 32 MB 64 BT4 BCJz 最大压缩 9 LZMA2 64 MB 64 BT4 BCJ2j 极致压缩

实例如下

 1[root@localhost ~]#7za -mx=0 a mx0.7z gor370/*
 2[root@localhost ~]#7za -mx=1 a mx1.7z gor370/*
 3[root@localhost ~]#7za -mx=3 a mx3.7z gor370/*
 4[root@localhost ~]#7za -mx=5 a mx5.7z gor370/*
 5[root@localhost ~]#7za -mx=7 a mx7.7z gor370/*
 6[root@localhost ~]#7za -mx=9 a mx9.7z gor370/*
 7[root@localhost ~]# du -sh gor370/
 831M     gor370/
 9[root@localhost ~]# ls -lh m*.7z
10-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  31M Jun 16 16:34 mx0.7z
11-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8.0M Jun 16 16:34 mx1.7z
12-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7.8M Jun 16 16:34 mx3.7z
13-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6.6M Jun 16 16:34 mx5.7z
14-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6.5M Jun 16 16:35 mx7.7z
15-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6.4M Jun 16 16:35 mx9.7z

可以看出压缩级别越高，压缩后的文件体积越小。

7za命令帮助

 17-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
 2p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU QEMU Virtual CPU version (cpu64-rhel6) (6D3),ASM,AES-NI)
 3Usage: 7z  [...]  [...]
 4       [<@listfiles...>]
 5
 6  a : Add files to archive
 7  b : Benchmark
 8  d : Delete files from archive
 9  e : Extract files from archive (without using directory names)
10  h : Calculate hash values for files
11  i : Show information about supported formats
12  l : List contents of archive
13  rn : Rename files in archive
14  t : Test integrity of archive
15  u : Update files to archive
16  x : eXtract files with full paths
17
18  -- : Stop switches parsing
19  -ai[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : Include archives
20  -ax[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : eXclude archives
21  -ao{a|s|t|u} : set Overwrite mode
22  -an : disable archive_name field
23  -bb[0-3] : set output log level
24  -bd : disable progress indicator
25  -bs{o|e|p}{0|1|2} : set output stream for output/error/progress line
26  -bt : show execution time statistics
27  -i[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : Include filenames
28  -m{Parameters} : set compression Method
29    -mmt[N] : set number of CPU threads
30  -o{Directory} : set Output directory
31  -p{Password} : set Password
32  -r[-|0] : Recurse subdirectories
33  -sa{a|e|s} : set Archive name mode
34  -scc{UTF-8|WIN|DOS} : set charset for for console input/output
35  -scs{UTF-8|UTF-16LE|UTF-16BE|WIN|DOS|{id}} : set charset for list files
36  -scrc[CRC32|CRC64|SHA1|SHA256|*] : set hash function for x, e, h commands
37  -sdel : delete files after compression
38  -seml[.] : send archive by email
39  -sfx[{name}] : Create SFX archive
40  -si[{name}] : read data from stdin
41  -slp : set Large Pages mode
42  -slt : show technical information for l (List) command
43  -snh : store hard links as links
44  -snl : store symbolic links as links
45  -sni : store NT security information
46  -sns[-] : store NTFS alternate streams
47  -so : write data to stdout
48  -spd : disable wildcard matching for file names
49  -spe : eliminate duplication of root folder for extract command
50  -spf : use fully qualified file paths
51  -ssc[-] : set sensitive case mode
52  -ssw : compress shared files
53  -stl : set archive timestamp from the most recently modified file
54  -stm{HexMask} : set CPU thread affinity mask (hexadecimal number)
55  -stx{Type} : exclude archive type
56  -t{Type} : Set type of archive
57  -u[-][p#][q#][r#][x#][y#][z#][!newArchiveName] : Update options
58  -v{Size}[b|k|m|g] : Create volumes
59  -w[{path}] : assign Work directory. Empty path means a temporary directory
60  -x[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : eXclude filenames
61  -y : assume Yes on all queries